Electric regulation



J. L. CREVELING.

ELECTRIC REGULATION.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 17, I9l6- RENEWED NOV. 22,1921.

Patented Jan. 31, 1922.

INVENTOR JOHN L. CREVELING, OF WHITE PATENT OFFICE.

PLAINS, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO GOULD COUPLER COMPANY, A CORPORATION OFNEW YORK.

ELECTRIC REGULATION.

. may be automatically regulated in a predetermined manner. A furtherobj ectofmy invention is to provide means whereby the current in acircuit supplied from said source may be held within predeterminedlimits and means whereby the voltage across a circuit supplied by saidsource may also be held from exceeding a predetermined limit. As

such systems of regulation are particularly useful for regulating adynamo operating to charge a storage battery and maintain lamps or othertranslating devices and more especially when the dynamo is'driven atvariable speeds causing its voltage and consequent current output totend to widely vary, my invention will be described wit-h particularreference to such a system.

In the drawing, Fig. I. is a diagrammatic representation of one type ofsystem embodying the essentialsof my invention.

'Fig. II. shows a portion of a system similar to that of Fig. I. inwhich a modification is shown without departing from my invention.

In the drawing, 1 represents a dynamo or generator provided with theusual field coil 2, having in series therewith a regulating device orelement, in this instance indicated as a carbon pile 3, and it will beobvious that the dynamo may be regulated by regulating the pressure uponthe said element 3 in a well known manner. 4 represents the positivelead of the dynamo which is in electrical communication with thepositive side of the storage battery 5 and thepositive terminals oflamps or other translating devices indicated at 6. The negativeterminals of the translating devices 6 and the battery 5 are incommunication with the lead 7 carried to one side of any suitableautomatic switch indicated at 8. This Specification of Letters Patent. Pte t Jam 31, 1922 Application filed August 17, 1916, Serial No. 115,421.Renewed November 22, 1921.

Serial No. 517,155.

switch, the mere presence of which is indicated in the drawing for thesake of clearness, is preferably one of the well-known automatic varietyadapted to close its circult when the generator voltage is substantiallyequal to or slightly in-excess of that of the storage battery and toopen the circuit when the generator voltage falls very sl ghtly belowthat of the storage battery ih such manner as to prevent back dischargefrom the battery through the generator.

The opposite terminal of a switch 8 is connected as by the lead 9 withone end of i the series coil or solenoid 10, the opposite end of whichis connected as by lead 11 with the negative brush ofthe generator 1.The pivot 12 carries a bell crank lever having the branches l3 and 14which are in fixed relation with regard to each other and rotatableabout the said pivot, preferably with negligible'friction. .The branch13 presses upon one end of the carbon pile 3, the opposite end of whichis stationary, and manipulation of the said branch 13 will, therefore.regulate the generator by controlling the excitation of the field coil2. The arm 14 carries the core 15of iron or other magnetic materialnormally drawn in an upward direction by the adjustable spring 16 whichtends to compress the pile 3 and lower the resistance thereof. The coil10 when excited tends to draw the core 15 downwardly against the actionof spring 16 so as to increase the resistance of the pile 3; while toosudden movement of the core is resisted by the dashpot arrangementindicated at 17. 18 IS a long arm preferably several times the length ofthe arm 14, rotatably carried by the pivot 12, and carries at itsoutward extremity a core 19 surrounded by a fine coil 20 in shunt acrossthe generator leads and which when excited tends to lift the core 19 andlever 18 against the action of adjustable spring 21 and dashpot 22 so asto swing the adjustable screw 23 into contact with the lever 13 anddecrease the pressure upon pile 3 and increase the resistance thereof.24: isan adjustable stop limiting the downward movement of the lever 18.

In Fi II. like numerals are used to indicate li re parts and the coil 25is shown in series with the battery 5. In the system of Fig. 1., if thecoil 10 be suppressed and the coil 25 of Fig. II. substituted in itsstead, the core 'will affected by, the current in the battery circuitonly instead of the total generator output.

-' An operation of my invention is substantially as follows: a

If the dynamo be at'rest or running at low speed, the switch 8 will beopen and "translatingdevices 6 maybe maintained by the battery in 'awell known manner. If the generator have its voltage raised untilin'excess of that of the battery, the switch 8 will close and'ci'irrentwill flow from the generator 1 through lea-d 14, battery 5 andtranslating devices (5 tolead 7, "switch 8,

then through lead 9, coil 10 and lead ll'to' the generator. 1i Currentwill also How through coil 20 which -is shown in shunt acrossthegenerator and having in series therewith a variable resistance iforthe'purpose of adjustment. This current will'tend to raise the core 19' andlever '18 against the action of adjustable spring 21 "a'nddasl 'pot 2:2insuch manner-as to bring the adjustable screw 23 into contact withlever 13, when further movement of the lever 18 ,will cause 7 thepressure upon the pile '3 to be decreased And Iso ad ust the spr ng 21and the vari able resistance in series with the coil 20 i that when thegenerator-voltage reaches a predetermined maximum which it is de siredshall not be'exc'eeded in value, further rise in voltage will beprevented the coil Q QVlifting-Jthe core -l9 and swinging the lever 18so as tode'creas'e the pressure upon the pile aiid 'cutdownthefieldexcitation to preventfthi's maximum voltage from beingexceeded.- By using 'a-* comparatively long-pull solenoid 20" of rainliberal dimensions and 'a long lever 18, I may cause the voltage to beheld constant within quite narrow limitsthroughout a wide tendency-of"the generatorto exceed the maximunr voltage lithe' generator'at orbBlOjWjhlS maximum voltagetei d' to "deliver a current ,abovea'predetermine'd maximum such, for

' example, as might be dangerous with respect to the generator or thebattery, (as

7 generator, itwill usurp the function ofthe" isoftenthc case when thebattery'is" in a low state ofcharge) this high current value inithecoil'lO will cause the sameto draw.

theycore '15 downwardly and relieve the pressure upon the pile 3 in suchmanner as topi'event-this maximum current from be-' within reasonableing exceeded, that is, limits 7 a V f v i if the system be thusoperating with a high current value in the coil 1 and the saidc'oilhaving, tlierefore, a considerable effect upon the pile 3' and thiscurrent cause the battery'gvoltage to jrise until" the rise in voltageacrossthe coil 20 causes it to assume the principal part inregulatingthe i coil 10 and the current, in the coil 10 willgradually taper off asthe voltage of the regulating 'elemen.

and, therefore, I ca-n make the "lever 14 soshort that ordinaryfluctuations such as oc-' cui' in the current delivered by the generatorwhile the current is below the maximum desired value andthefc'oil20jisire'gulating the generator, have little" or no appreciableeffect upon 'the'pile which remains at all such times sensitive to verydelicate alterations involtage across, the coil 20 n with V standing thecore 15 and the lever 13 directly affecting the pile' '3 are always'mechanically connected; 3 I Anfoperatio'n of that modification'broughtout Fig'II, is the same asth'at outlined above with regards Fig. I. withf the [exception that current in thefbatter ycircuit ,lS held fromexceeding a predetermined limit through the instriuiieiita'lity of coil25- acting uponjcore la insteafdfof the total generator current as inthe system: ofi'Fig; I; Y

'1 donot wish'in any wayjto limit myself toiaiiy' 'of the exact detailsof construction orfmo'des of operation set forthabove' merely to"portray an embodiment of my invention for; it is obviousfthat widedeparture j 1' both in construct on and in operationmay be made withoutdepartingi f om' the spirit and scopeof my invention which'fis'assetforth in" the following claims:

11 The combination with a dynamo, storage battery charged thereby, and,a regulating element affecting the operation of the dynamo, o f'm'eansfor'aflectingsaid comprehei ding' a 'i'elatively weak curi ntfresponsive' rmeans ai iecte'd; by the operation of "the dynamo, it arelatively] powerful [voltage a responsive n'ea'nsaffectedbytheoperation ofthe dy name" I and 11 18 11 113 whereby. 's-aidvoltage respons ve means" may 7 affect the current respons vemeans andso dominate the eliect or current fluctuations in't'he current respoi'is'sive "means that substantially pure :voltage regulation supersedescurrent regulation 7 upon afjiisei i'voltage abovera pi'edeterfnimedfstan'dard.

V 2'. Regulating means comprehending cur-' rent, respons ve means,voltage responsive responsive ab'le'p'ower increasing meansthrough whichthe voltage re'sponsive 'means n ages faiid disengagesfsaid ooperatedmeans. 3 3. Regulating meanscomprehending cur-,

'ineans, andfmeans operated thereby affected in functionally ,idiflerent'fldegrees like rmechanical;eiiortsfapplied thereto bysaid v ansincluding-separately 'niov rent responsive means, voltage responsivemeans, regulating means operated thereby affected in functionallydifferent regulating degrees by equal fluctuations in mechanical effortsof the responsive means comprising power increasing means operated bythe voltage responsive means and means whereby said power increasingmeans engages and disengages the current responsive means.

4. Means for regulating a generator to hold its current substantiallyconstant when the same reaches a predetermined value and to hold itsvoltage substantially constant when the same reaches a predeterminedvalue comprehending a regulating element, movable means for affectingthe same,'current responsive means connected with said movable means,voltage responsive means and engaging means operated thereby forengaging the movable means to affect the same in response to voltagefluctuations, the arrangement of the movable means and the responsivemeans being such that small mechanical efforts on the part of thevoltage responsive means, when above a certain value, so dominatetheeffect of equal efforts on the part of the current responsive meansthat the regulation in response to such voltage fluctuations issubstantially unaffected by the current fluctuations caused by theeffect of the operation of the voltage responsive means.

5. Means for regulating a generator comprehending a regulating element,movable means for affecting the same, current responsive meanspermanently connected with said movable means, voltage responsive meansand means operated thereby for en gaging the movable means upon rise involtage above a predeterminedstandard and capableof disengaging the sameto render voltage fluctuations ineffective when said fluctuations causethe voltage value to fall below a predetermined limit, the arrangementof the movable means and the responsive means being such that smallmechanical efforts on the part of the voltage responsive means, whenabove a certain predetermined value, so dominate the effect of equalefforts on thepart of the current responsive means that the regulationin response to such voltage fluctuations is substantially unaffected bythe current fluctuations incident to the effect of the operation of thevoltage responsive means.

6. The combination with a generator, of av regulating element affectingthe operation thereof, lever mechanism for affecting said element.current responsive means connected with said lever mechanism, voltagerespon sive means connected with said lever mechanism at a point offunctionally greater leverage than the current responsive means saidlever mechanism including means whereby the voltage responsive means mayoperate the lever mechanism to affect the operation of the generator andto substantially usurp the entire regulation of the generator when itsvoltage reaches a predetermined value.

. 7. The combination with a dynamo, of means for regulating the samecomprehending a regulating device, movable means for affecting saiddevice, current responsive means connected with said movable means,voltage responsive means of relatively greater power than the currentresponsive means, means for operatively connecting the same with anddisconnecting the same from the movable means, the arrangement of theresponsive means and the movable means being such that relatively largefluctuations in current are required to affect the regulat ing deviceand comparatively small fluctuation in voltage affect the same toregulate the generator when above a predetermined value.

8. The combination with a dynamo, of means for regulating the samecomprehending a regulating device, movable means for affecting saiddevice, current responsive means connected with said movable means,voltage responsive means of relatively greater power than the currentresponsive means, means for operatively uniting the same with themovable means when the voltage reaches a predetermined value, thearrangement of the responsive means and the movable means being suchthat relatively large fluctuations in current are required to affect theregulating device and comparatively small fluctuations in voltage affectthe same to regulate the generator whenabove a predetermined value withrelatively immaterial modification by relatively large changes incurrent in the current responsive means caused by the action of thevoltage responsive means in regulating the dynamo.

9. Means for regulating a dynamo comprehending a regulating device,movable means for affecting the same, current responsive means tendingupon all fluctua tions in current therein to afi'eet the movable means.mechanically independent voltage rcsponsive movable means and meansoperated thereby for engaging the movable means, the arrangement of saidmovable means and the responsive means being such that small mechanicalmovements in the portion of the movable means affected by the currentresponsive means are caused by large mechanical movements in that.port-ion of the movable means affected by the voltage responsive means,and the arrangement of the engaging means being such as to connect 125the voltage responsive means with the movable means when the voltagetends to exceed a predetermined value.

10. Therombination with a generator and battery charged thereby, of aregulating de- 130 a'nie'm at a point of greater "leveiege than i thecurrent res-ponsivefineans end the 'volt yice 'afieetin'g the 'eleetiical operation of the generator, "lever nieeh'anlsm for controlhng' saiddevlee, current responsive means "cohnected Withs'aid let er mechanismand tend ing to prevent the current supplied tothe battery.fromex'eechng a predetermined hnntfmeans connected wlthsald levermechthe current 1Fep0nsive n'l'eens ''and voltage responsive iineanscoope'teting' 'With "Said means to eflectthe 'ope'r'a't'ion'ofthe genela torfzt'nd 'tendi'ng te revent the voltage impressed upon" the batteryhem exceeding '51 p1ectet'erminedlimit, the ditteiencein 0p eiietive leerage between the connections *of age responsive mean being of Suchorder of magnitude that the filling 0H infcutient to the batterywhen'the samere c11sh ceifta-in voltage produces substantially im-'materiaL-efte'et upon the "voltage 'hel'd acros' the battery bythevoltege 'responsive mjezins'. 11. The'fcombins'ition withfa dynunoand batt'efy cherg'ed thereby, fofmeans 01 regulating *the dynamocomprehending a device eonti ollingj the "electrical o'pei ttt'ionhereof, movable means for "effectin 921i d current supplied by'thedynzunof to tile baittery and "se arranged 'wlth ires'peet 'tosfaldmovable means that fluctu'atlons 1n current nteasui ed thereby alwaystend to ":t'fieet' said movable means, vo1tage; responsive rne'a-ns .fa-ifecte'tt by voltage fluctuations acfe'ssft'he] bz'ltte 'y andine'fi'estii' ely*energiied when saidvoltage' 13 below 'ttjgfedetelmlildvalue and eflectlvely"energizedj when the 'voltage exceeds this z'va lueto effect the" movable 'meens. and so nrizinged with IfESP QCiI; meme. 407 means that ehnaterially iesserniechanieai eflort tlirough"'agreaterdistance produces the'l effect upon the 'Sii'id device "that "it 7 1naterini'] v greater ineehflnieal'eflort through 'ztlessei distance011*thep2u't of the current responsive 1nea'ns"p'1 oduces, ea'id"qr'rang'e Inent comprehending means whereby the voltage responsiveniee-nsiinayengage the movable means in an poeitiohpl'aced' by thecurrent responsive mee'ns andwhe reb s fill? their movement eaused bythe voltege-res 'ionsite-means operates there'gulating device toregulate the dynamo;

V 12. The combination with 3 variable speed dynamo, a storage 'batterycharged theiteby, meanefor regulating the dynamo to CODl-' pens-ate forspeed changes comprising :i' V regulating deviee end en. -1neanS e'ffected by-genei'titor current for op "i V eratingi-said device me atall times tend-v 6'0 of voltage responsive means normallyineffectiveduringcharging ofthe battefyjtill' ingto'efieet'the same uponcurrent changes,

7 its/voltagereaches ejdesire'd maximum;

, means whereby a id' t oltage responeive means' afi'ects'the regulatingdevice when voltage re onsive niea nsgja rent responsive v themes 'saitldesired i oltage v'filueus ieztc hed the 'iqjen'erzttor; the arra gementof "stud volt-- age responsive "means and its connection With the?regulating det'i'ee being s'ueh that the Voltage =respons1ve' inea nsfpredoml' 'i'tes in thef regulation of the dyntm'o when tiftion of theVoltage responsive means.

the regulating; function when ajffeetingth ecurrent iee'ponsit eineens." r 7 I 14 Regulating meats cdinprehenaingeutrent 5 l'espo'n'sivemeans, volti'ge ires onsive means and means 'ope'rated the'feby affectedindependently by linetionflof the Que-f 7 rent responsive means 21- It"in eueh nmjgnified degree by I the voltage efforts of the responsivemeans "that ithe voltage resp'onsive ee'ns us'ufps]substantially the"entire regulati g fiinetion' when affecting-the Fur-rent 'respohs'ivemeans and causes "regu'letio'n' for: s't1'bsJtitntia11y eon:stant'vol'tege. e

1 55'Regu1ating. I. means vcomprehendin a regulating element, a movableelement 1; cont-rolling the" sziih'e, fefiirrn t, j responsive meanseonnectefd with "s'tid iiio'vitble element,

7 meme elemen op' erete dthe'reby affe cfteclin 'greatelidegiee inresponse to equivalent fl'uc' tuiit' ans in mag net m'otive forcethilh'the ch? 7 t iesponsive r'n'ea'n's including-"21'"power; ainultiffly'ing ele ment 1 and me the 'whei eby the" Seine g engages the"first named hmvahle'clement to p rform sl'lb s'tttntitlly theto't'a,"fictive iregfiliting function during- "certai 'stageeefepemtion VltihRegul 'ng: 'n1"a 11s' {Cele-pretending "e regulating element,ine'eha'nieal 'ih'ea ns for effecting said element, currentie'sip61'1s'i e means permanently: 'cpnnecteid' jwithe a id me-fChEtiliCfll niea'neende' ffeeting said element in r eans under'piedetefmined eohditions tofaffe'c-t'the re ulating elementiin suchdegiee:

V thaticurre'ntfluctuations 'i'n the eui'i'ent'responsive' means causenegligible effect upon the regulator while responding to voltagefluctuations.

17. Means for regulating a generator comprehending a regulating element,current responsive means affected by the operation of said generator, amovable member for affecting the regulating element operated by andpermanently connected with the current responsive means, voltageresponsive means, a lever operated thereby and provided with means forengaging and affecting the movable means and so increasing the power ofthe voltage responsive means that while the voltage responsive means isoperative, it regulates the generator for substantially constant voltageand the current responsive means is substantially inoperative to affectthe generator.

18. Means for regulating a generator comprehending a regulating element,movable means for controlling said element, current responsive meansaffecting said movable means in response to fluctuations in currentderived from said generator, voltage responsive means, a member movedthereby for affecting the movable means and which pro- ,duces lessertravel of said movable means causes the current in the currentresponsive means to decrease, and such decrease in curient is preventedfrom appreciably affecting the re ulation of the generator.

19 iiegulating means comprehending a regulating edement, lever mechanismcooperating therewith, current responsive means for affecting said levermechanism, voltage responsive means, a multiplying lever operatedthereby and means for engaging the first named lever mechanism wherebythe regulating effects produced in response to voltage fluctuationsabove a certain standard are so great wit-h respect to the effects produced by the current fluctuations corre sponding to said voltagefluctuations that the effect upon the regulating element in response tosaid current fluctuations is substantially negligible and the generatoris regulated in response to voltage fluctuations to maintainsubstantially constant voltage. 20. Regulating means comprehending aregulating element, rotatable means for affecting said element, currentresponsive means affecting said rotatable means, independently rotatablemeans having the same center of rotation as the first named rotatablemeans, voltage responsive means for operating the last named rotatablemeans and means whereby said last named rotatable means engages thefirst named rotatable means under predetermined conditions of thevoltage responsive means, the arrangement of the rotatable means beingsuch that fluctuations in current in the current responsive meansproduce lesser effects upon the regulating means than the fluctuationsin voltage causing the same have upon the voltage responsive meanswhereby voltage regulation is caused to supersede current regulationduring certain stages of operation.

JOHN L. CREVELING.

Certificate of Correction.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,404,933, grantedJanuary 31,

1922, upon the application of J ohn L. Creveling, of White Plains, NewYork, for

an improvement in Electric Regulation, an error appears in the printedspecification requiring correction as follows: Page 4, line 111, claim15, after the Word power? strike out the comma and the article a; andthat the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction thereinthat the same may conform to the record of the case in the PatentOffice.

Signed and sealed this 4th day of April, A. D., 1922.

[SEAL.] KARL FENNING,

Acting Commissioner of Patents.

Certificate of Correction.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,404,933, grantedJanuary 31,

1922, upon the application of J ohn L. Creveling, of White Plains, NewYork, for

an improvement in Electric Regulation, an error appears in the printedspecification requiring correction as follows: Page 4, line 111, claim15, after the Word power strike out the comma and the article a, andthat the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction thereinthat the same may conform to the record of the case in the PatentOflice.

Signed and sealed this 4th day of April, A. D., 1922.

[SEAL-.1 KARL FENNING,

Acting Commissioner of Patents.

